Visiting Stennis Space Center - The John C. Stannis Space Center (SSC) is a NASA rocket test facility located in Hancock County, Mississippi, United States, on the banks of the Pearl River on the Mississippi-Louisiana border. Since 2012
, is NASA's largest rocket testing facility. There are more than 50 local, regional, national, international, private and public companies and organizations that use SSC for their missile test facilities.
Visiting Stennis Space Center
NASA's initial request for a rocket test center proposal called for the site to be located between the rocket production facility at the Michoud Assembly Facility east of New Orleans, Louisiana, and the Knedy Space Cter production facility in Florida. In addition, the site needed access by boat, as the levels of rockets to be tested on Apollo were too great for land vehicles. Additionally, the Apollo engines were too loud to be tested at the existing Marshal Space Flight Center near Huntsville, Alabama. An isolated place was needed.
Visitor S Center And Observation Tower Stennis Space Center Hancock County Mississippi Stock Photo
After a thorough site selection process that included reviews of other coastal sites, including Eglin Air Force Base in Florida and islands in both the Caribbean and Pacific Oceans, NASA announced the establishment of the Mississippi Test Center (now known as the Stnis Space Cter) in October. 25, 1961, for gene testing in the Apollo program. A high plateau bordering the East Pearl River in Hancock County, Miss., was chosen as its site. NASA entrusted the US military with the difficult task of acquiring every piece of land either by outright purchase of the land or by acquiring a permanent easement.
The chosen site was sparsely populated and met all other criteria; However, before construction can begin, five small communities (Gainesville, Logtown, Napoleon, Santa Rosa and Westonia) and the northern part of a sixth (Pearlington) and a combined population of 700 families must be completely relocated from the facility. The effort uncovered more than 3,200 parcels of private land - 786 residences, 16 churches, 19 shops, three schools and various commercial buildings, including nightclubs and community centres. Remnants of the community, including city streets and a one-room schoolhouse, still remain within the campus.
) site was selected on October 25, 1961 at the Mississippi Test Center or Pearl River Field. On December 18, 1961, NASA officially named the facility NASA's Mississippi Experiment Station. The test area (officially known as the Charge Area) is 125,000 acres (506 km).
) orphan of fear. The large concrete and steel rocket test facilities were originally used to test the first and second stages of the Saturn V. Air Marshall rocket.
Rocket Lab Opens Archimedes Engine Test Stand At Stennis Space Center In Mississippi
Since 1971, all space shuttle designs have been certified by STNIS. On June 14, 1974, the site was named the National Space Technology Laboratory, a name it held until May 20, 1988, named after Mississippi advocate and space program supporter John C. Stnis.
With the cancellation of the Apollo and Shuttle programs, use of the station declined, which economically affected the surrounding communities. In recent years, other government organizations and business organizations have moved away from the center in terms of providing the largest financial resources to communities.
An aerial photograph shows all three NASA Space Cter (SSC) test facilities - Test Complex E (front), the three racks of Test Complex A (center), and Test Complex B (back).
The Missile Test Complex is a test facility built in 1965 as part of the John C. Stannis Space Center. The Rocket Test Complex played an important role in the development of the Saturn V rocket. The A-1, A-2, and B-1/B-2 Test Ranges were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1985.
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The smaller of the three original Stnis Space Cter test stands, A-1 and A-2, were built to test and validate the second stage of the Saturn V, S-II (pronounced "ess two"). , the launch vehicle of the Apollo program. Both spans are identical steel and concrete structures approximately 200 ft (61 m) high, capable of withstanding loads in excess of 1 million pounds and temperatures of up to 6,000 °F (3,320 °C). Each experiment can provide liquid liquid (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LOX) in addition to carrier liquid, gaseous helium (GHe), gaseous hydrogen (GH2), and gaseous nitrogen (GN2) as purge or pressure gas.
Construction began in 1963 and was completed in 1966. The test complex also includes a test control center, observation depots, and various technical and support systems.
On April 23, 1966, the A-2 test mission successfully launched the 15-second S-II-T, a structural and mobility test vehicle for the Saturn V second stage, for all-systems tests. This was the first flight test of the S-II scale. The stage, the largest and most powerful stage of oxygen and liquid hydrogen known, produced a million pounds of thrust from its five Rocketdyne J-2 engines. This test also marked the first operational use of the A-2 rack.
The first full firing of the S-II flight stage took place on May 20, 1966, when the S-II-T tested the A-2 in 354.5 seconds. LOX cutoff ssors automatically initiate cutoff. The shooter passed all test targets except the check-in process. This was the fourth consecutive shooting of S-II-T. The stage produced a million pounds of thrust from five J-2 engines powered by hydrogen and oxygen.
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An experimental version of the Saturn V second stage S-II-T ruptured during pressure tests at SSC on May 28, 1966, and the five North American technicians supervising the test sustained minor injuries. The accident occurred when a fuel tank failed under pressure. The S-II-T, which had five hydro-oxygen J-2 engines capable of generating one million pounds of thrust, was ground-tested on May 25, but stopped firing 195 seconds after the jet failed. direct cutting. At the time of the explosion, technicians were trying to determine the cause of the water leak. There was no water in the tank where the explosion occurred. Under the leadership of the MSFC, an investigative commission headed by Dr. Kurt H. Debus, director of the Knedy Space Center, held a meeting on the night of May 28. A quick investigation revealed that the crew of the other spacecraft, not knowing that the water pressure sensor and valves were faulty, tried to pressurize the tank. Technicians believed that fluid was leaking from the Hydrog VT valve, so they closed the valves. Due to this, overpressure was created in the tank of the car and it burst. On May 30, 1966, after two days of investigation, the commission announced its findings. A stage S-II fuel tank is pressurized above design limits. There was a need for stricter control of the MTF testing process. After the destruction of the S-II-T, NASA extended the S-II combat program until July 1967.
S-II-1, the first S-II flight scheduled for continuous firing at the MTF, departed Seal Beach on 31 July 1966.
The first flight model (S-II-1) of the second stage of the Saturn V vehicle arrived on August 13, 1966 at MTF, completing the 4,000-mile journey to Seal Beach. Workm immediately moved the service phase to the S-II phase and control building for standing munitions inspection and readiness.
On December 1, 1966, North American Aviation made a successful 384-second flight with five J-2 engines, the first powered flight to develop a total of 1 million pounds of thrust. During the test, Gins SLAM weapons number 2 and 4 failed, resulting in successful gimbal movement of only Gins 1 and 3. The test involved recording approximately 800 stage performance measurements, including fuel tank temperature, engine temperature, flow and vibration.
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On December 30, 1966, MSFC technicians at the MTF Test Range conducted a continuous firing of the first Saturn V second stage flight prototype, the S-II-1. This second test firing, like the previous ones, lasted more than six minutes.
On January 27, 1967, the S-II-2 stage left Seal Beach, California and transited the Panama Canal to MTF. After a 16-day journey, the S-II will arrive at the MTF for two standby tests. The S-II-2 stage landed at MTF on 11 February 1967. The S-II-2 stage, part of the second Saturn V vehicle (AS-502) scheduled for launch from KSC in late 1967, was scheduled for MTF testing in late March 1967.
On February 17, 1967, the first regular test of the J-2 engine group, combat test S-II No. 041, lasted 360 seconds.
On February 25, 1967, work on the S-II A-1 test structure was completed and the Corps of Engineers accepted the permanent residence exemption.
John C. Stennis Space Center
On March 31, the failure to seal caused program officials to abandon the first attempt to extinguish the fire at the S-II-2 level.
A phase test combat test of an S-II battleship equipped with five J-2 engines completed a full-time test in late March 1967, lasting approximately 360 seconds of basic operation.
These two tests represent the testing and flight certification of the S-II stages and J-2 engines
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